Conventional loans are a popular choice for first‑time homebuyers because they don’t require mortgage insurance premiums that are built into government‑backed loans, and they can be used on a wide range of property types.

Who can qualify?

To be eligible for a conventional loan, borrowers typically need:

  • A credit score of at least 620 (higher scores get better rates).
  • A stable employment history and documented income.
  • A debt‑to‑income (DTI) ratio that generally does not exceed 45%.

Down‑payment expectations

Conventional lenders usually require a down payment of 3% to 5% of the home’s purchase price for first‑time buyers. Putting down at least 20% eliminates the need for private mortgage insurance (PMI).

Private mortgage insurance (PMI)

If your down payment is less than 20%, the lender will require PMI. This insurance protects the lender in case of default and is added to your monthly payment until you reach the 20% equity threshold.

Pennsylvania‑specific considerations

In Pennsylvania most residential closings are handled by a real‑estate attorney rather than a title‑company. The state also imposes a 1% real‑estate transfer tax, typically split 0.5% each between buyer and seller. These costs should be factored into your budgeting.

Tips for first‑time buyers

  • Save for a larger down payment to avoid PMI and lower your monthly payment.
  • Pay down high‑interest debt before applying for a loan to improve your DTI ratio.
  • Shop around for lenders; rates and fees can vary significantly.
  • Consider using a Pennsylvania Housing Finance Agency (PHFA) down‑payment assistance program in conjunction with a conventional loan.

Remember, this article provides general information and is not personalized financial advice.