What Is Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI)?
PMI is a policy that protects the lender when a borrower’s down payment is less than 20 % of the home’s purchase price. Lenders require it on conventional loans that start with a loan‑to‑value (LTV) ratio above 80 %.
Automatic Cancellation Under the Homeowners Protection Act
The Homeowners Protection Act (HPA) mandates that a lender must automatically terminate PMI when the loan’s principal balance reaches 78 % of the original property value, provided the borrower is current on payments. This rule exists to prevent borrowers from paying for insurance they no longer need.
Requesting Early Cancellation at 80 % LTV
Even though the HPA sets 78 % as the automatic trigger, borrowers can ask for cancellation once the LTV falls to 80 %. The lender usually requires:
- A written request after at least five years of on‑time payments.
- Proof that the current LTV is 80 % or lower, often via a recent appraisal or an updated amortization schedule.
The five‑year waiting period protects lenders from market volatility that could quickly reduce home values.
Steps to Remove PMI
- Check Your Current LTV. Use your loan statement or an online amortization calculator to see how much principal you have paid.
- Order a New Appraisal (if needed). The lender may require an appraisal to confirm the home’s current market value.
- Submit a Written Request. Include the appraisal, a payoff statement, and a statement that you have met the five‑year requirement.
- Follow Up. Lenders typically have up to 30 days to process the request, though timelines can vary.
Refinancing as an Alternative
If you have built sufficient equity but the lender’s cancellation process is slow or costly, refinancing into a new conventional loan with a lower LTV can eliminate PMI instantly. This option also lets you lock in a different interest rate or loan term.
Wisconsin‑Specific Considerations
Many Wisconsin home purchases involve an attorney at closing, which can simplify paperwork for PMI removal because the attorney can coordinate the appraisal, request, and any necessary documents. Additionally, Wisconsin’s first‑time‑homebuyer programs (such as the Wisconsin Homeownership Partnership) can help increase your down‑payment equity, potentially speeding up the point at which PMI can be cancelled.
This article provides general information and should not be taken as personalized financial advice. Consult your lender or a qualified housing counselor for guidance specific to your situation.